Izvještaji za Medije

Bivši premijer Italije Silvio Berluskoni i britanski advokat Dejvid Mils pred sudom po optužnici za korupciju

Izvještaji za Medije ● 31 Oktobra 2006

Prema istrazi, Berluskonijeva kompanija Fininvest je tu sumu uplatila na račun otvoren na Milsovo ime.

Prema istrazi, Berluskonijeva kompanija Fininvest je tu sumu uplatila na račun otvoren na Milsovo ime.

Jučerašnjom odlukom suda u Milanu ozvaničena je optužnica protiv Berluskonija i Milsa za korupciju. Sudija Fabio Paparella je odluku o suđenja donio na osnovu preliminarnih saslušanja koja su počela ranije ove godine i pošto je odbijen zahtjev odbrane za njegovo izuzeće.

Berluskoni i Mils bi, ako budu proglašeni krivim, mogli da budu osuđeni na kaznu od tri do osam godina zatvora. Obojica su odbacila optužbe, a Berluskonijeva stranka Forza Italia je ocijenila da je to novi nizak udarac Berluskoniju i da to nema nikakave veze s pravdom, već ss politikom.

Nakon pet godina na vlasti, Berluskoni je na parlamentanrim izborima u aprilu ove godine izgubio od sadašnjeg premijera Romana Prodija.

Izvor: Beta

The British tax lawyer David Mills is to stand trial charged with corruption alongside ex-Italian PM Silvio Berlusconi, a Milan judge has ruled

Izvještaji za Medije ● 31 Oktobra 2006

The judge said enough evidence existed for a trial to go ahead over a £325,000 payment to Mr Mills, allegedly paid in exchange for favourable court evidence. Mr Mills and Mr Berlusconi were already facing trial next month on tax evasion and embezzlement charges in Italy.

Mr Mills, separated husband of british minister Tessa Jowell, denies all the charges. The trial is due to begin in March next year.

Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett said Ms Jowell would not be “destabilised” by the judge's decision. The prime minister's official spokesman refused to be drawn on the case, saying Mr Mills was a “private individual”.

Source: Beta

Interagency Coordination – The International Group for Anti-Corruption Coordination

Izvještaji za Medije ● 31 Oktobra 2006

The International Group for Anti-Corruption Coordination is dedicated to strengthening international anti-corruption coordination and collaboration in order to avoid undue duplication and to ensure effective and efficient use of existing resources, using systems already in place at the regional and national level.

The Group will seek to reach out and collaborate with other existing anti-corruption coordination bodies and networks.

It provides a platform for exchange of views, information, experiences and; best practice; on anti-corruption activities for the purpose of enhancing the impact of these activities, including support for the UN Convention against Corruption.

It is uniquely composed of organizations, including NGO's, active internationally in anti-corruption policy, advocacy and enforcement. Members shall actively participate in, and support, the work of the Group. New members can be nominated for inclusion to the Group by advising the Secretariat, who shall review such applications.

The Chairperson and the Secretariat (ODC, OIOS) manage and support the work of IGAC and identify the theme for each meeting, including the selection of appropriate speakers. Members may suggest thematic ideas to the Secretariat for their review.

The Group will select a Chairperson, who will serve a two year term. The Chairperson will oversee the activities of the Group, including the Secretariat, and the organization and conduct of two meetings per year. The Secretariat will also identify funding sources for the activities of the Group where necessary.

The Chairperson will serve as a Spokesperson for the Group at public fora and direct efforts to publicise and advocate the work of the Group.

The IGAC Secretariat is also responsible, with the Chairperson, for the development and maintenance of an electronic database and website on international anti-corruption activities.

The Chairperson will report on the activities of IGAC at each meeting for review and comment by the Group, including any proposed amendments to the Terms of Reference.

Bosna i Herzegovina na 19. mjestu u svijetu po slobodi medija

Izvještaji za Medije ● 24 Oktobra 2006

Mediji su prošle godine najslobodnije djelovali u Finskoj, Islandu, Irskoj i Holandiji, koje dijele prvo mjesto u godišnjem izvještaju za 2006. o slobodi medija u svijetu što ga u utorak objavljuju Reporteri bez granica, a Bosna i Herzegovina se nalazi na 19. mjesu po slobodi medija, zajedno sa Danskom, Novim Zelandom i Trinidadom i Tobagom. Susjedne zemlje, Srbija i Hrvatska se nalaze na 45. odnosno 53. mjestu.

U izveštaju se navodi da se ništa nije promijenilo u državama u kojima se najviše krši sloboda štampe, pa tako novinari u Sjevernoj Koreji, Eritreji, Turkemistanu, Kubi, Burmi i Kini još rizikuju živote ili zatvaranje pokušavajući da dođu do informacija i da ih prenesu javnosti.

Obavljanje svoga posla životom su platila 63 novinara i pet njihovih pomoćnika u 2005. godini, najsmrtonosnijoj za medijsku profesiju nakon 1995. godine u kojoj su alžirski fundamentalisti ubijali sve one koji ih nisu podržavali. RSF, koji brani zatvorene novinare i slobodu izražavanja u svijetu u izvještaju za 2006. godinu navodi da je tokom 2005. zabilježeno 1,300 tjelesnih napada na novinare a do 27. februara 2006. godine u zatvoru je bilo 119 novinara i 57 cyber-disidenata samo zato jer su željeli izvještavati javnost, piše RSF.

U pravljenju liste država prema kriterijumu poštovanja slobode medija učestvovalo je 130 novinara, dopisnika, pravnih stručnjaka i aktivista za ljudska prava organizacije RSF. Prema rang-listi te organizacije, SAD su 2002. bile na 17. mestu, a značajan pad na listi, na 53. mjesto, objašnjava se time što sadašnja administracija SAD koristi nacionalnu bezbednost kao izgovor za novinare koji se kritički bave borbom protiv terorizma. Drugi eklatantan primjer u vezi sa SAD je sudanski snimatelj Sami al-Haj iz tv kuće Al Jazeere, koji je zatočen u logoru Guantanamo bez podizanja optužnice.

Ozbiljne prijetnje slobodi medija ne popuštaju na Balkanu i ostatku istočne Evrope a zakoni u Hrvatskoj, te Rumuniji i Bugarskoj (koje će se pridružiti EU 2007.) ispod su evropskih standarda, piše RSF.

Veliki pad doživjela je Danska koja je s prvog pala na 19. mjesto nakon što su novine objavile karikature islamskog proroka Muhameda i u muslimanskom svijetu potaknule nasilne prosvjede. Japan je pao za 14 mjesta (zauzeo 51.) zbog rastućeg nacionalizma.

U Iraku praksa otimanja novinara ne pokazuje znakove jenjavanja i svaka sedmica donosi nove otmice, stoji u izvještaju RSF, i donosi popis neprijatelja slobode medija na kojem visoko mjesto zauzimaju iranski predsjednik Mahmud Ahmadinedžad, zimbabveanski predsjednik Robert Mugabe i nepalski kralj Gyandendra. Prema istom izvještaju, predsjednik Sjeverne Koreje Kim Džong Il nastavlja da u potpunosti kontroliše medije u svojoj državi.

Među evropskim državama, najlošije su kotirane one nastale raspadom SSSR-a, dok je položaj novinara u Rusiji težak, što potvrđuje i nedavno ubistvo novinarke Ane Politkovskaje.

Reporters Without Borders Worldwide Press Freedom Index

Izvještaji za Medije ● 24 Oktobra 2006

New countries have moved ahead of some Western democracies in the fifth annual Reporters Without Borders Worldwide Press Freedom Index, issued today, while the most repressive countries are still the same ones.

“Unfortunately nothing has changed in the countries that are the worst predators of press freedom,” the organisation said, “and journalists in North Korea, Eritrea, Turkmenistan, Cuba, Burma and China are still risking their life or imprisonment for trying to keep us informed. These situations are extremely serious and it is urgent that leaders of these countries accept criticism and stop routinely cracking down on the media so harshly.

"Each year new countries in less-developed parts of the world move up the Index to positions above some European countries or the United States. This is good news and shows once again that, even though very poor, countries can be very observant of freedom of expression. Meanwhile the steady erosion of press freedom in the United States, France and Japan is extremely alarming,” Reporters Without Borders said.

Reporters Without Borders compiled the Index by asking the 14 freedom of expression organisations that are its partners worldwide, its network of 130 correspondents, as well as journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists, to answer 50 questions about press freedom in their countries. The Index covers 168 nations. Others were not included for lack of data about them.

The three worst violators of free expression – North Korea, bottom of the Index at 168th place, Turkmenistan (167th) and Eritrea (166th) – have clamped down further. The torture death of Turkmenistan journalist Ogulsapar Muradova shows that the country’s leader, “President-for-Life” Separmurad Nyazov, is willing to use extreme violence against those who dare to criticise him. Reporters Without Borders is also extremely concerned about a number of Eritrean journalists who have been imprisoned in secret for more than five years. The all-powerful North Korean leader, Kim Jong-il, also continues to totally control the media.

Northern European countries once again come top of the Index, with no recorded censorship, threats, intimidation or physical reprisals in Finland, Ireland, Iceland and the Netherlands, which all share first place.

The United States (53rd) has fallen nine places since last year, after being in 17th position in the first year of the Index, in 2002. Relations between the media and the Bush administration sharply deteriorated after the president used the pretext of “national security” to regard as suspicious any journalist who questioned his “war on terrorism.” The zeal of federal courts which, unlike those in 33 US states, refuse to recognise the media’s right not to reveal its sources, even threatens journalists whose investigations have no connection at all with terrorism.

Freelance journalist and blogger Josh Wolf was imprisoned when he refused to hand over his video archives. Sudanese cameraman Sami al-Haj, who works for the pan-Arab broadcaster Al-Jazeera, has been held without trial since June 2002 at the US military base at Guantanamo, and Associated Press photographer Bilal Hussein has been held by US authorities in Iraq since April this year.

France (35th) slipped five places during the past year, to make a loss of 24 places in five years. The increase in searches of media offices and journalists’ homes is very worrying for media organisations and trade unions. Autumn 2005 was an especially bad time for French journalists, several of whom were physically attacked or threatened during a trade union dispute involving privatisation of the Corsican firm SNCM and during violent demonstrations in French city suburbs in November.

Rising nationalism and the system of exclusive press clubs (kishas) threatened democratic gains in Japan, which fell 14 places to 51st. The newspaper Nihon Keizai was firebombed and several journalists phsyically attacked by far-right activists (uyoku).

Denmark (19th) dropped from joint first place because of serious threats against the authors of the Mohammed cartoons published there in autumn 2005. For the first time in recent years in a country that is very observant of civil liberties, journalists had to have police protection due to threats against them because of their work.

Yemen (149th) slipped four places, mainly because of the arrest of several journalists and closure of newspapers that reprinted the cartoons. Journalists were harassed for the same reason in Algeria (126th), Jordan (109th), Indonesia (103rd) and India (105th).

But except for Yemen and Saudi Arabia (161st), all the Arab peninsula countries considerably improved their rank. Kuwait (73rd) kept its place at the top of the group, just ahead of the United Arab Emirates (77th) and Qatar (80th).

Two countries moved into the Index’s top 20 for the first time. Bolivia (16th) was best-placed among less-developed countries and during the year its journalists enjoyed the same level of freedom as colleagues in Canada or Austria. Bosnia-Herzegovina (19th) continued its gradual rise up the Index since the end of the war in ex-Yugoslavia and is now placed above its European Union member-state neighbours Greece (32nd) and Italy (40th).

Things are much the same in Sri Lanka, which ranked 51st in 2002, when there was peace, but has now sunk to 141st because fighting between government and rebel forces has resumed in earnest. Dozens of Tamil journalists have been physically attacked after being accused by one side or the other of being biased against them.

Press freedom in Nepal (159th) has shifted according to the state of the fighting that has disrupted the country for several years. The “democatic revolution” and the revolt against the monarchy in April this year led immediately to more basic freedoms and the country should gain a lot of ground in next year’s Index.

The ranking:

Poziv medijima

Izvještaji za Medije ● 24 Oktobra 2006

Mediji i vlast – (zlo)upotreba medija

Izvještaji za Medije ● 15 Oktobra 2006

Uvodničari debate bili su:
Dunja Mijatović, Regulatorna agencija za komunikacije,
Boro Kontić, Upravni odbor Udruženja BH Novinari,
Srđan Blagovčanin, Transparency International BiH i
Drago Hedl, novinar Feral tribune Split.

Uvodna izlaganja su pokazala da odnos vlasti i medija ima čitav niz zajedničkih karekteristika kada su u pitanju zemlje regiona. Direktni politički uticaji i kontrola medija u velikoj mjeri je zamijenjena ekonomskim uticajima. Ali veliko prisustvo države u privredi omogućava Vladama posrednu kontrolu medija kroz kontrolisanje izvora oglašavanja.

Diskusija prisutnih novinara odnosila se na potrebu boljeg organizovanja kroz strukovna udruženja, a s ciljem zaštite digniteta profesije i prava novinara.

Using the Right to Information as an Anti-Corruption Tool

Izvještaji za Medije ● 10 Oktobra 2006

A crucial question for anti-corruption activists is whether the rash of new access to information laws will serve as tools for obtaining information of use in fighting corruption. Or will these new transparency laws at least narrow the range of opportunities for the mismanagement and diversion of public funds by permitting public scrutiny of the budgets and administrative decision-making?

Documents

Using the Right to Information as Anti-Corruption Tool

Korištenje prava na slobodan pristup informacijama kao antikorupcionog alata

Izvještaji za Medije ● 10 Oktobra 2006

Pitanje od posebne važnosti za antikorupcione aktiviste je da li će ubrzano donošenje novih zakona o slobodi pristupu informacijama poslužiti kao alat za dobijanje informacija od koristi za borbu protiv korupcije; Ili će ovi novi zakoni o transparentnosti barem donekle ograničiti mogućnosti loše uprave i smanjiti odliv javnih fondova omogućavanjem javnog praćenja budžeta i administrativnog odlučivanja?

Dokumenti

Korištenje prava na slobodan pristup informacijama kao antikorupcionog alata

EUPM, Ministers of the Interior and BiH Police Spokespersons discuss Police Accountability

Izvještaji za Medije ● 06 Oktobra 2006

“Accountability of the local police is a very important and complex question and I am very pleased to see that you are initiating a fruitful discussion that should determine the direction and aims of your next campaign that will address relationship between citizens and the police,” said General Coppola.

“The police is now going through a transformation and adjusting itself to the new approach of work which is called community policing. The successful implementation of this new police philosophy will help in building a stronger link between the police and citizens. The relationship will directly increase the efficiency of the local police and it will also play a crucial role in crime prevention. Finally, it is an excellent tool for supervision of the police work,” said Minister Cadjo.

Minister Omerbegovic noted that: “…in order to further improve the level of cooperation and confidence between the police forces and citizens we should aim at establishing successful communication and must answer to the needs of citizens for more transparent police forces“.

Purpose of today’s workshop is to devise a strategy for the BiH LEAs that will strengthen the link between the citizens and the police and thus directly affect the level of trust that citizens in BiH have in their police force.

“I am encouraged by today’s open discussions about the need of addressing sensitive issues such as corruption in the BiH society and I am particularly pleased to have heard commitments of today’s participants to take action and fight this problem vigorously.” concluded Mr Blagovcanin of Transparency International.

China sets up anti-corruption force for tainted league

Izvještaji za Medije ● 06 Oktobra 2006

Beijing, october 6, 2006 — The China Football Association (CFA) has joined forces with the nation's police to set up a task force aimed at tackling corruption that has tainted the game, local media reported.

The task force, which will focus on gambling and match-fixing in the top flight Chinese Super League (CSL), will be led by the CFA's Nan Yong and Wu Mingshan of the state police, according to a report in the Beijing News.

A string of corruption scandals in recent years involving referees, players and officials has left the CSL struggling with few sponsors, low attendances and indifference from the Chinese public.

Although gambling has been illegal in China since 1949, police smashed gambling rings responsible for attracting hundreds of millions of yuan in bets during the recent World Cup alone.

EUPM, ministri unutrašnjih poslova i portparoli policije raspravljaju o odgovornosti policije

Izvještaji za Medije ● 06 Oktobra 2006

“Odgovornost lokalne policije je veoma važno i kompleksno pitanje i zaista mi je drago što vidim da pokrećete produktivnu diskusiju koja bi trebala odrediti pravac i ciljeve vaše sljedeće kampanje koja će se baviti odnosom između građana i policije,” rekao je general Kopola.

“Policija sada prolazi kroz transformaciju i prilagođava se novom pristupu poslu, u svijetu poznatom kao rad policije u zajednici. Uspješna implementacija nove policijske filozofije će pomoći u stvaranju čvršće veze između policije i građana. Poboljšanje ovih odnosa će direktno uticati na povećanje efikasnosti lokalne policije, kao i igrati ključnu ulogu u sprječavanju kriminalnih radnji. Konačno, ovo će biti i odličan instrument za nadgledanje rada policije,” rekao je ministar Čađo.

Ministar Omerbegović primijetio je da “…kako bi se dodatno poboljšao nivo saradnje i povjerenja između policije i građana, trebali bismo se fokusirati na uspostavljanje uspješne komunikacije, te izaći u susret potrebi građana za transparentnijim policijskim snagama.”

Svrha današnje radionice je osmisliti strategiju za portparole agencija za sprovođenje zakona koja će osnažiti vezu između građana i policije i na taj način direktno uticati na nivo povjerenja koje građani u BiH imaju u svoju policiju.

“Ohrabren sam današnjom otvorenom diskusijom o potrebi pokretanja osjetljivih pitanja kao što su korupcija u bh društvu, i naročito sam zadovoljan što sam čuo opredjeljenje današnjih učesnika da se odlučno uhvate u koštac s ovim problemom,” zaključio je Blagovčanin.

Kina osnovala atikorupcijski tim zbog nepravilnosti u fudbalskim ligama

Izvještaji za Medije ● 06 Oktobra 2006

Odred, će se usresrediti na praćenje klađenja i namještanje fudbalskih utakmica u samom vrhu Kineske Super Lige (CSL), po rijecima Nan Yong-a iz CFA i Wu Mingshan iz državne policije, kako prenose Beijing News.

Lanac korupcijskih skandala u poslednjih nekoliko godina uključujući sudije, igrače i službenike je opozicija CSL boriti sa nekoliko sponzora, niskom posjećenošću na utakmicama, i nezainteresovanošću Kineskih navijača.

Iako je kockanje ilegalno u Kini od 1949, policija je razbila kockarske krugove odgovorne za stotine miliona Juan-a u opkladama za vrijeme poslednjeg Svjetskog prvenstva.

Vodeći izvoznici podrivaju razvoj prljavim poslovima u inostranstvu

Izvještaji za Medije ● 04 Oktobra 2006

Indeks pokazuje sklonost kompanija iz 30 vodećih zemalja izvoznica ka podmićivanju u inostranstvu. Kompanije iz razvijenih zemalja, pozicionirane u gornjoj polovini barometra ovog Indexa, još uvijek rutinski plaćaju mito, posebno u zemljama u razvoju.

Kompanije iz zemalja čiji se izvoz rapidno povećava kao što su Brazil, Rusija, Indija i Kina pozicionirane su među najgorim u ovom istraživanju. U slučaju Kine i drugih zemalja koje bilježe porast izvoza, anti-korupcioni napori na domaćem planu nisu dali odgovarajuće rezultate kada je podmićivanje u inostranstvu u pitanju.

“Kompanije koje vrše podmićivanje potkopavaju napore vlada u zemljama u razvoju za unapređenje dobre uprave i time doprinose rastu siromaštva”, izjavila je Huguette Labelle, Predsjedavajuća, Odbor direktora Transparency Internatonal-a.

Ispitanici iz siromašnijih zemalja iz Afrike, na primjer, vide Francuske i Italijanske kompanije kao najsklonije praksi podmićivanja.

“Licemjerno je da kompanije iz zemalja članica OECD nastavljaju da vrše podmićivanje širom svijeta, dok njihove vlade daju prazna obećanja. Indeks plaćanja mita TI pokazuje da one ne čine dovoljno kako bi pooštrili disciplinu kada je u pitanju podmićivanje u inostranstvu”, izjavio je David Nussbaum, Izvršni direktor Transparency Internatonal-a. Nussbaum je dodao:“Dosadašnja primjena međunarodnih konvencija protiv podmićivanja u inostranstvu je nedovoljna i obeshrabrujuća”.

“Pravila i mehanizmi za vlade i kompanije postoje”, izjavio je Nussbaum. “Unutrašnja zakonodavsta u mnogim zemljama vodeći se usvajanjem UN Konvencije i OECD-ove Konvencije predviđaju odgovornost za podmićivanje u inostranstvu, ali je još uvijek glavni problem implentacija i primjena”.
BPI barometar: Bez pobjednika

* = Hong Kong je pod teritorijom Kine, te se na njega odnosi UN Konvencija.
** = Tajvan nije član UN.

Rezultati se temelje na odgovorima više od 11.000 poslovnih ljudi iz 125 zemalja u anketi koja je provedena u sklopu velikog „Istraživanja o mišljenju poslovnih ljudi 2006“ Svjetskog ekonomskog foruma (Executive Opinion Survey 2006 – World Economic Forum).Rangiranje od 1-10, s tim da je 1,00 vrijednost jednaka izjavi da su mita uobičajena a 10 da se podmićivanje nikada ne događa.
Najbolji rezultat ima Švajcarskasa 7,8 aliitajjerezultatdalekoodsavršenog. Porukabimogladaglasi: postojevarijacijeizmeđurezultataalinepostojipobjednik.

BRICs: Veći uticaj, veća odgovornost

Zemlje BRICs su na BPI barometru na samom začelju. Indija konstatno ima najgori skor, dok je Kina na četvrtom mjestu po izvozu, a rangirana je na pretposljednjem mjestu po Indeksu plaćanja mita.

“Strane kompanije koje plaćaju mito podrivaju napore za smanjenje siromaštva u Africi”, izjavio je Casey Kelso, Regionalni direktor TI za Afriku. “Afričke zemlje bi trebale energično procesuirati takve slučajeve. Regionalne razvojne institucije kao što je Afrička razvojna banka mogu pomoći u sprečavanju kompanija koje profitiraju kroz poslove koji su bazirani na prevari, dok siromašno stanovništvo i dalje ostaje da živi u vrlo teškom stanju.

“Jačanjem uticaja, povećava se odgovornost koja treba da dovede do pozitivnih promjena”, istakla je Labelle. Ovo je pravo vrijeme za Rusiju, Kinu i Indiju da daju doprinos provođenju mjera OECD Konvencije protiv podmićivanja u inostranstvu i da pruže podršku razvoju tržišta. Na taj način pomoći će napore usmjerene ka tome da korupcija postane samo dio istorije. Brazil je ratifikovao konvenciju 2000.

“Dobro” nije nije dovoljno dobro

Čak i u najbolje rangiranim zemljama postoji velika potreba za unapređenjem. Ponašanje Australijskog Borda za pšenicu samo je jedan primjer. U martu ove godine Njemačko-Američka kompanija DaimlerChrysler priznala je da je unutrašnjom provjerom potvrđena optužba za “neprimjereno plaćanje” od strane njihovog osoblja u Africi, Azji i Istočnoj Evropi.

Turska na 27 poziciji je blizu začelja BPI. Ovo je vrlo važan rezultat u svjetlu isticanja kandidature za članstvo u EU. Loš rezultat otvara pitanje posvećenosti zemlje primjeni OECD Konvencije protiv podmićivanja koja je stupila na snagu 2003.g. Italija i Francuska koje su veći izvoznici od Turske, bilježe čak lošije rezultate. Ako izuzmemo ispitanika iz Afrike, Italija i Francuska spadaju u šest najlošije pozicioniranih zemalja.

SAD koje su uvele nove standarde sa Zakonom o praksi podmićivanja u inostranstvu iz 1977 i koje bi trebale da budu vodeće u sprečavanju takve prakse, zaostaju iza velikog broja OECD zemalja po skoru. Velika Britanija je pokazala vrlo malo na provođenju Konvencije i pored skandala koji su vezivani za Britanske firme kao što je British Aerospace. TI je objavio periodični izvještaj o napretku u primjeni Konvencije koji pokazuje zaostajanje članica OECD u primjeni Konvencije .

U Aziji, snažne domaće anti-korupcione mjere nisu konzistentno pretvorene u principe poslovanja u inostranstvu, posebno je to slučaj u Singapuru, Hong Kongu i Tajvanu. One su ocijenjene znatno lošije od ispitanika iz zemalja koje nisu članice OECD, identična podjela je zabilježena i u Ujedinjenim Arapskim Emiratima i ukazuje na prisustvo dvostrukih standarda u poslovanju.

Sa lavovskim udjelom izvoza u SAD, Meksiko ima visok rezultat koji se ističe u okviru regiona, nasuprot slabo rangiranog Brazila.

Slijedeći lanac ponude

Mnogo je podružnica multinacionalnih kompanija koje su obuhvaćene ovim istraživanjem. Ali “kompanije moraju biti spremne da preuzmu odgovornost za akcije koje se dešavaju u lancu njihovog snadbijevanja”, istakao je Jermyn Brooks član Odbora direktora TI. Multinacionalne kompanije ne mogu biti abolirane od prakse podmićivanja koju vrše njihove podružnice, dobavljači ili zastupnici, one svakako moraju voditi računa o njihovom ponašanju prije ulaska u zajedničke poslove. Nabavka, izvoz, marketing i prodaja ostaju najosjetljiviji dijelovi u procesu poslovanja za korupciju.
Kompanije koje praktikuju podmićivanje u inostranstvu suočavaju se sa povećanim rizikom da budu suočene sa nemoralnim ponašanjem njihovih vlastitih uposlenika. Gledano na duže staze, isplati se preduzimati mjere za iskorijenjivanje korupcije.

Kompanije koje praktikuju podmićivanje u inostranstvu suočavaju se sa povećanim rizikom da budu suočene sa nemoralnim ponašanjem njihovih vlastitih uposlenika. Gledano na duže staze, isplati se preduzimati mjere za iskorijenjivanje korupcije.

Globalni standardi za globalnu pravdu

Prisutan je aktivan i rastući međunarodni okvir za prezentovanje problema korupcije u sve globalizovanijem svijetu. Napredak je postignut posebno usvajanjem OECD Konvencije protiv podmićivanja u inostranstvu, ali monitoring i primjena moraju biti znatno rigorozniji. Napredak bi čak mogao biti podriven ostankom ključnih zemalja izvan ovog okvira. Zemlje izvan sistema podrivaju opredeljenje kompanija iz zemalja članica OECD da se ponašaju u skladu sa pravilima. Ako sistem ne bude funkcionisao svi će biti na gubitku. Dobrovoljno prihvatanje odredbi OECD Konvencije pokazaće da zemlje shvataju ozbiljno problem podmićivanja u inostranstvu, a može poslužiti i kao prvi korak ka punom članstvu u OECD.

PREPORUKE

• Zemlje članice OECD moraju povećati stepen primjene OECD Konvencije protiv podmićivanja u inostranstvu i uvesti neophodne resurse za praćenje primjene odredaba Konvencije.
• Kina, Indija i Rusija trebaju dobrovoljno da prihvate odredbe OECD-ove Konvencije protiv primanja mita
• Multilateralne razvojne banke morale bi isključiti kompanije kojima je dokazano djelo učestvovanja u davanju mita, a multinacionalne kompanije bi trebale uvesti rigorozne unutrašnje mjere protiv davanja mita.
• Kompanije moraju biti pažljive prilikom udruživanja ili zaključivanja partnerstva, te usvojiti i primjenjivati striktne interne politike protiv podmićivanja koje se odnose i na njihove agente, dobavljače i podružnice.
• Zemlje u razvoju trebaju odlučno procesuirati strane kompanije za koje se utvrdi da plaćaju mito na njihovoj teritoriji, one prilikom procesuiranja moraju imati podršku zemalja u kojim su registrovane te kompanije.

Leading exporters undermine development with dirty business overseas

Izvještaji za Medije ● 04 Oktobra 2006

The BPI looks at the propensity of companies from 30 leading exporting countries to bribe abroad. Companies from the wealthiest countries generally rank in the top half of the Index, but still routinely pay bribes, particularly in developing economies. Companies from emerging export powers India, China and Russia rank among the worst. In the case of China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen domestic anti-corruption activities have failed to extend abroad.

“Bribing companies are actively undermining the best efforts of governments in developing nations to improve governance, and thereby driving the vicious cycle of poverty,” said Transparency International Chair Huguette Labelle.

Respondents from lower income countries in Africa, for example, identified French and Italian companies as among the worst perpetrators.

“It is hypocritical that OECD-based companies continue to bribe across the globe, while their governments pay lip-service to enforcing the law. TI’s Bribe Payers Index indicates that they are not doing enough to clamp down on overseas bribery,” said David Nussbaum, Chief Executive of Transparency International. “The enforcement record on international anti-bribery laws makes for short and disheartening reading.”

“The rules and tools for governments and companies do exist,” said Nussbaum. ”Domestic legislation has been introduced in many countries following the adoption of the UN and OECD anti-corruption conventions, but there are still major problems of implementation and enforcement.”
The BPI numbers: No winners

* = Hong Kong is a territory of China and covered under UNCAC.
** = Taiwan is not a UN member.

The results draw from the responses of more than 11,000 business people in 125 countries polled in the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey 2006. A score of 10 indicates a perception of no corruption, while zero means corruption is seen as rampant. Leading the ranking is Switzerland, but even its score of 7.8 is far from perfect. The message: there may be variations here but there are no real winners.

Greater influence, greater responsibility

India, China and Russia bring up the rear in TI’s BPI ranking. India consistently scores worst across most regions and sub-groupings. China is the world’s fourth largest exporter and ranks second to last in the Index.
“Foreign companies that commit the crime of bribery are undercutting Africa’s anti-poverty efforts,” said TI’s Regional Director for Africa, Casey Kelso. “African countries should prosecute them vigorously. Regional development institutions such as the African Development Bank can help by enforcing debarment programmes that block crooked companies from profiting from development dollars while the poor are left out of the picture.”
"With growing influence comes a greater responsibility that should constitute an opportunity for good”, said Labelle. "This is the right time for Russia, China and India to commit to the provisions of the OECD Convention against Bribery and contribute to the vitality of tomorrow's markets. In doing so they will become part of the effort to make corruption history."

The ‘good’ are not so good

Even high scorers are in major need of improvement. The behaviour of the Australian Wheat Board in the UN Oil-for-Food programme is just one example. In March of this year, German-US motor company DaimlerChrysler admitted that an internal probe confirmed allegations of ‘improper payments’ made by their staff in Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe.

Turkey, in 27th place, is nearly at the bottom of the BPI. This is a crucial result as the country pursues its bid for European Union membership. The poor score also raises troubling questions about the country’s commitment to the OECD (Organisation of for Economic Cooperation and Development) Anti-Bribery Convention, which entered into force there in 2003. Of Turkey’s peers in Europe, France and Italy, both large exporters, score poorly. Isolating answers of African respondents places Italy and France in the bottom six countries overall.

The United States, which blazed new trails with its Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, ought to be leading the way, but ranks behind many OECD countries. The United Kingdom has demonstrated minimal enforcement of the Convention, despite scandals implicating firms such as British Aerospace. Transparency International has published periodic reports on Convention enforcement that show progress lagging across the OECD.

In Asia, strong domestic anti-corruption measures at home are not consistently translating into responsible business practices abroad, especially for Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan. They are assessed significantly worse by respondents from non-OECD countries – the same divide is evident for the United Arab Emirates – indicating a sharp double standard in business practices.

With the lion’s share of its exports going to the United States, Mexico has a high score that stands out regionally, against a poorly-scoring Brazil.

Following the supply chain

It is the subsidiary companies of multinationals that are being ranked by many of the respondents of this survey. But "companies must be ready to take responsibility for actions along their supply chains,” said Transparency International Board Member, Jermyn Brooks. "Multinationals cannot be absolved of the corrupt activities of their foreign branches, subsidiaries or agents, and they must conduct due diligence before engaging with joint venture or alliance partners. The purchasing, export, and marketing and sales departments remain the business functions most vulnerable to bribery and corruption."

The cost of a tarnished image ‘back home’ can be immense. And companies with a culture of bribery overseas face a heightened risk of being undermined by the unethical acts of their own employees. In the long run, it pays for companies to take proper measures to end corrupt practices.

Global standards for global justice

There is an active and growing international framework to address corruption in an increasingly globalised world. Progress has been made, particularly in the adoption of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, but its monitoring and enforcement must be more rigorous. Moreover, this progress will be undermined as long as major players such as China, India and Russia remain outside the framework. Major free riders outside the system are a strong disincentive for OECD-based companies and OECD countries to play by the rules. If the system breaks down, everyone will lose. Voluntary adoption of the provisions of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention will show that countries take the problem of foreign bribery seriously and could potentially serve as a prelude to full OECD membership.

RECOMMENDATIONS

• The OECD countries must step up enforcement of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention’s prohibition on foreign bribery and commit the necessary resources to monitor one another’s enforcement.
• China, India and Russia should voluntarily adopt the provisions of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
• Multilateral development banks must debar companies found guilty of foreign bribery.
• Companies must conduct due diligence when engaging in partnerships or acquisitions, and adopt and enforce strict internal no-bribes policies that include their agents, subsidiaries and branches.
• Developing countries should vigorously prosecute foreign companies found to have bribed on their soil, and must be supported in these prosecutions by the legal and financial cooperation of the host countries.

POZIV – Vrijeme je za građansku hrabrost

Izvještaji za Medije ● 28 Septembra 2006

Pozivamo građanke i građane BiH da U SUBOTU, 30. septembra 2006. godine, u Banjaluci, Mostaru, Sarajevu i Tuzli, s početkom u 13.00 sati, pokažu svoju solidarnost i podršku građanskom pokretu GROZD i da zajedno DEMONSTRIRAMO hrabrost i rješenost da pobjedimo siromaštvo, nezaposlenost korupciju, male penzije, loše obrazovanje, lošu socijalnu i zdravstvenu zaštitu, lošu poljoprivrednu i omladinsku politiku, spore evropske integracije.

U Tuzli, ispred stare zgrade opštine, u Mostaru, na Španskom trgu, u Banjaluci, u paviljonu Petar Kočić, u Sarajevu, na platou ispred Parlamenta BiH, pokret GROZD će pozvati građane da izađu na izbore i da istraju u ovoj borbi za normalan i dostojanstven život, u borbi za rješavanje njihovih 12 gorućih problema, i u borbi za odgovornost političara.

JEDAN GLAS MIJENJA SVE!